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How does a pulley make lifting easier?

The Rope's Clever Trick
How does a pulley make lifting easier?
~~Picture~~ a heavy bucket of bricks sitting at the bottom of a well. You could grab it and heave straight up, grunting

Picture a heavy bucket of bricks sitting at the bottom of a well. You could grab it and heave straight up, grunting and groaning. Or you could be clever and call in a small round hero with a groove around its middle: the pulley. It won't make the bricks any lighter. But it's about to change how hard you have to work.

A pulley is really just a wheel with a dip carved around its edge, so a rope can sit in the groove without slipping off. The wheel spins on a pin through its center. That's the whole machine. No batteries, no gears, no fuss — just a wheel that lets a rope change direction smoothly.

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